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    10/11/2009

    《人的境况》摘录 II

    The Human Condition by Hannah Arendt

    王寅丽 译

    P.178

    行动向制造转化的模式是多么一贯和成功,从整个政治理论和政治思想所用的术语中就可以很容易地得到证实,政治理论和思想如果不使用手段和目的的范畴,并以工具性来思考的话,就几乎不可能讨论问题。……这样的思想迫使人们承认,一切手段只要有效,就是允许的,对追求某些被定位为目标的东西来说是正当的。我们也许是充分意识到了这种思想的内在危险后果的第一代人。然而,只靠附加一些限制条件——例如不是所有手段都是允许的,或在某些情况下手段比目的更重要——来摆脱这个陈旧的思想道路是行不通的;这些限制条件要么把某一道德体系视为理所当然,可见其喋喋不休的训诫恰恰证明它并非理所当然的,要么正好被它使用的语言和类比所挫败。因为,说目的并不能为所有手段辩护本身就是个自相矛盾的说法,目的之定义就在于它为手段提供了辩护;自相矛盾暗示了困难的存在,不能解决这些困难,就无法令人信服。只要我们相信在政治领域里我们是在跟目的和手段打交道,我们就无法防止任何人用一切手段追求他所认定的目的。

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